Colour

Palettes, contrast checking and colour systems.

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About Colour

Colour tooling is deceptively deep. The surface version is a palette generator, and there are many. The version that matters to anyone shipping an interface is about contrast, consistency and perceptual uniformity, and the launches doing that work are among the more quietly valuable things in the design category.

The most consequential shift in this space has been the move to perceptual colour spaces. Picking colours in the old model produces palettes where two swatches with the same stated lightness look nothing alike, and where a gradient passes through a muddy grey in the middle. Working in a perceptually uniform space fixes both, which is why tools built on it produce ramps that look even without hand correction. If you are building a design system, this is the single most useful property to look for.

Accessibility checking is the other half of the category and should be non-negotiable rather than a feature. Contrast ratios are a legal requirement in many contexts and a usability requirement in all of them, and the useful tools check the combination you are actually shipping — text on the real background, at the real weight and size — rather than a pair of hex codes in isolation. Tools that also simulate the common forms of colour vision deficiency will catch the chart legend that becomes unreadable for a meaningful share of your audience.

For interface work specifically, the tools that generate a full scale from one seed colour save real time, provided the scale is even and the steps are predictable. A good system produces the same perceived jump between step four and five as between eight and nine, so a component can move a step without a designer re-checking it.

Dark mode is where palettes usually break, and it breaks for a structural reason: inverting a light palette does not produce a good dark one, because perceived contrast behaves differently on dark ground. Tools that generate both from a shared definition, rather than flipping one into the other, produce results that need less correction.

There is also a genuinely fun end of this subcategory — palette extraction from images, gradient tools, colour naming, and the small toys that exist because someone found the maths interesting. Those belong here too.

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